Dental Implant Abutments

Dental implants are not teeth. They are anchors placed in the jawbone. They can be used to hold crowns or to secure removable partials or dentures. Seen in this picture are six dental implant abutments. These were placed into the dental implants six months after surgical placement of the dental implants.

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Why are dental implants so expensive?


The answer to this question, requires another question, how much is a tooth worth? As we age one enjoys the simpler things in life, like our body parts and eating. Anyone who wears full upper and full lower dentures knows that eating an apple, corn on the cob or a steak is difficult or downright impossible. The use of two or three mini-dental implants to stabilize the lower denture is not difficult or expensive.

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Are Dental Implants Permanent?

I see many advertizements claiming that “Dental implants are a permanent tooth replacement.” What in life is permanent? Whether one believes in God, human evolution or intelligent design, life is an incredible thing. We cannot as faulted mortals recreate nature. Permanent implies for the rest of ones life. Dental implants can last a lifetime but so can natural teeth. The only advantage dental implants have over healthy natural teeth are that they do not decay because they are made from titanium. Teeth can and do get periodontal disease, dental implants can and do get peri-implant disease. Teeth can and do break, dental implants (and / or their components) can and do break.
All this being said, dental implants are a far superior situation than dentures, partials and in most cases fixed bridgework.

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Types of Dental Implants : Bone Replacement Materials


Bone Replacement Material:
There are many types of bone replacement materials. These materials may be used for ridge maintenance/preservation after tooth extraction, for ridge augmentation, for periodontal and periimplant repair and support, and for maxillofacial surgical onlay and inlay purposes when bone replacement is required.

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Types of Dental Implants : Intramucosal Inserts


Intramucosal Inserts:
These are uncommon buttonlike nonimplanted retention devices (dental implants) that can be used to stabilize full maxillary dentures. They may have some value for patients in ill health because of the relatively noninvasive nature of the placement procedure. In my personal opinion and experience, they are not worth the trouble or cost.

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Types of Dental Implants : Endodontic Stabilizer

Endodontic Stabilizer:
This is a VERY uncommonly used dental implant in modern 21st century dental implantology, although some studies report high sucess rates. These dental implants are in essence root-lengthening dental implants. They have no site of permucosal penetration because they are placed into bone through natural teeth. This dental implant offers a one stage treatment for the stabilization of teeth that are loose.

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Types of Dental Implants : Subperiosteal

Subperiosteal
These dental implants are used more often to secure a complete lower denture for those with extensive bone loss. They have been used for upper jaws and for partial tooth replacement. They are ALWAYS custom made. Prior to extensive use of dental CBCT scans they required two extensive surgeries, one to take an impression of the jaw bone, then a second to place the custom made dental implant. Although relatively uncommonly used, in office CBCT scans may initiate a revival of the use of this type of dental implant.

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Dental Implant Types: Endosteal

Blade (or plate form) dental implant:
This type of dental implant has been in use since being developed by Dr. Linkow in Manhattan, NY in the 1960′s. It is an uncommonly used dental implant now. Instead of mimicing the shape of a natural tooth, its shape was conceived of to fit in thin natural jaw bone. This type of dental implant is not meant to stand alone, instead it is meant to attach to other dental implants or natural teeth and in most cases to secure a fixed cemented dental bridge.

Ramus Frame:
The ramus frame is a three blade, one-piece dental implant designed for moderately-severely resorbed lower jaws (mandibles.) It is a very technically difficult dental implant to place. Dr Hilt Tatum and Dr. Ralph Roberts are/were the pre-eminent masters of this yped of dental implant. It supports a full lower denture.

Transosteal:
These are one-piece dental implants that are very uncommonly used nowadays. Its placement requires an extra-oral incision (ouside of the mouth, between the chin and the neck – it leaves a scar.)

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Dental Implant Types : Endosteal – root form


Endosteal:

Unquestionably the most common, the most well known and the most recognized dental implant today is the endosteal dental implant. These dental implants are placed into the jaw bone. The type of dental implant placed most frequently throughout the world today is the “root form” dental implant. It gets its name because it copies the shape of a natural tooth root. These dental implants can be one-stage or two-stage. They can be made of one or many components. They are the most versitile.

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What types of Dental Implants are there?

In general there are five (5) types of dental implants (some have sub categories):

1) Endosteal : End – in the, osteal – bone
a) Root Forms
b) Blades
c) Ramus Frame
d) Transosteal

2) Subperiosteal : Sub – below, periosteal – the periosteum

3) Endodontic Stabilizer

4) Intramucosal Inserts

5) Bone Replacement Materials

Not all of these dental implants are commonly in use today. I will give a short explaination of each with a historial perspective. I will spend more time on those which are most commonly used today.

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